ምርጥ ቅድመ-መትከል የዘረመል ምርመራ (PGT) ዶክተሮች በህንድ

Preimplantation genetic testing is legal in India when performed for medical screening and detecting genetic conditions. The Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques Act, which regulates genetic screening, strictly prohibits sex selection. Clinics must follow national ethical guidelines for embryo testing. Patients must undergo clinical counselling before proceeding with genetic analysis during fertility cycles.

Choosing a genetic test depends on whether you require chromosomal screening or specific hereditary disease checks. PGT-A screens embryos for numerical chromosome errors, known as aneuploidy, to support embryo selection. PGT-M targets specific single-gene disorders inherited from parents. Your fertility team evaluates your medical history to recommend the appropriate genetic testing method.

Preimplantation genetic testing analyzes cells taken from an embryo before transfer into the uterus. Specialists perform an embryo biopsy, removing a few cells from the outer layer without harming development. The extracted cells undergo laboratory analysis while the embryo remains safely frozen. Only genetically screened embryos get selected for transfer. This step helps doctors select embryos with normal chromosomal structures.

PGT-A checks embryos for general chromosome imbalances, whereas PGT-M detects specific inherited single-gene conditions. Chromosome imbalances can cause implantation failure or early pregnancy loss during fertility treatments. Single-gene testing targets family conditions like cystic fibrosis or sickle cell anaemia. Both testing techniques require specialised genetic laboratory equipment and trained embryology experts in Indian clinics.

Embryology specialists perform an embryo biopsy on day five or six of development at the blastocyst stage. Biopsying a blastocyst, which is a mature five-day embryo, involves removing five to ten trophectoderm cells. The inner cell mass that forms the fetus remains completely untouched during this procedure. The biopsied cells then undergo genetic sequencing.

Total expenses for embryo testing depend on the number of embryos tested and the genetic technology used. Advanced testing methods like next-generation sequencing, which analyzes DNA sequences, carry different pricing than basic screening. Additional costs include embryo freezing and laboratory processing fees. Overseas patients should request itemised quotes from hospital international patient divisions before travel.

Genetic analysis of embryo biopsies typically takes two to three weeks to complete. Biopsied embryos are safely frozen using vitrification, a rapid freezing technique, while geneticists evaluate the samples. Once test reports arrive, fertility doctors discuss the findings during a follow-up consultation. You can plan your transfer cycle after receiving complete genetic results.

PGT-SR screens embryos for structural chromosome rearrangements such as inversions or translocations. Translocations occur when pieces of chromosomes break off and reattach to other chromosomes. Individuals carrying balanced chromosomal rearrangements benefit from this testing to identify balanced embryos. This test helps reduce the risk of recurring miscarriages caused by inherited chromosome abnormalities. Patients discuss structural options with genetic counsellors.

Genetic screening improves embryo selection but cannot guarantee pregnancy or a live birth. Pregnancy outcomes depend on multiple factors, including uterine health, endometrial receptivity, and maternal age. Transferring a genetically normal embryo reduces miscarriage risks but does not eliminate all fertility challenges. Doctors evaluate complete overall health profiles alongside genetic test findings.

Overseas patients start by sending their medical records and prior fertility reports to hospital coordinators. Fertility specialists conduct an initial video consultation to review history and discuss testing options. Once a treatment plan is formed, coordinators assist with medical visa invitations and travel schedules. Local logistics teams help arrange clinic visits upon arrival.