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OVERVIEW

Sarcoma surgery involves the careful excision of malignant tumors arising from connective tissues like bone, cartilage, fat, muscle, blood vessels, or fibrous tissue. The primary goal is complete tumor removal (R0 resection) with clear margins to prevent recurrence. Advanced techniques, including limb-sparing surgery and reconstructive procedures, are often employed to maintain functionality and cosmetic appearance. Adjuvant therapies like radiation or chemotherapy may complement surgery to eliminate remaining cancer cells.

PROCEDURE

Sarcoma surgery involves several critical steps: 1. Pre-operative Planning: Detailed imaging (MRI, CT, PET scans) and biopsy results are reviewed by a multidisciplinary team to precisely map the tumor's location, size, and relationship to vital structures. 2. Anesthesia: General anesthesia is administered. 3. Incision: A carefully planned incision is made to provide adequate access to the tumor while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue. 4. Tumor Resection: The surgical oncologist meticulously removes the sarcoma along with a margin of healthy tissue (wide local excision) to ensure clear margins and reduce the risk of recurrence. For bone sarcomas, this may involve removing a segment of bone and replacing it with a prosthesis or bone graft (limb-sparing surgery). For soft tissue sarcomas, care is taken to preserve nerves, blood vessels, and muscles where possible. 5. Lymph Node Dissection (if indicated): Although sarcomas rarely spread to lymph nodes, in specific types (e.g., rhabdomyosarcoma, epithelioid sarcoma), lymph node removal may be performed. 6. Reconstruction: If a significant amount of tissue or bone has been removed, reconstructive surgery (using local tissue flaps, free flaps, or prosthetic implants) may be performed immediately to restore function and appearance. 7. Wound Closure: The surgical site is carefully closed in layers. Drains may be placed to remove excess fluid, and a sterile dressing is applied. 8. Post-operative Care: Patients are monitored in recovery, and pain management is initiated. Rehabilitation often begins soon after surgery.

BENEFITS

Benefits of Sarcoma Surgery

  • Primary Cure: For many localized sarcomas, surgery offers the best chance for complete removal of the tumor and a potential cure.
  • Disease Control: Even in advanced cases, surgical removal can reduce tumor burden, alleviate symptoms, and improve quality of life.
  • Limb Preservation: Advanced surgical techniques, often combined with neo-adjuvant therapies, allow for the removal of tumors while preserving the affected limb and its function, avoiding amputation.
  • Pain Relief: Removal of a bulky or nerve-compressing tumor can significantly reduce pain and discomfort.
  • Improved Functionality: When combined with reconstructive surgery and physical therapy, sarcoma surgery can help restore function to affected areas.
  • Enhanced Prognosis: Complete surgical resection is a critical factor in improving long-term survival rates for sarcoma patients.
  • Accurate Staging: Surgical samples provide detailed pathological information vital for accurate staging and guiding further treatment decisions.

RECOVERY

Recovery After Sarcoma Surgery

Recovery time following sarcoma surgery can vary significantly depending on the tumor's location, size, the complexity of the surgery, and whether reconstructive procedures were performed. Generally, patients can expect:

  • Initial Hospital Stay: Typically 3 to 7 days, during which pain management, wound care, and early mobilization are managed.
  • Acute Recovery (First 2-4 Weeks): Focus on wound healing, managing post-operative pain and swelling, and gradually increasing activity levels. Patients may require assistance with daily activities.
  • Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy (Weeks to Months): Crucial for regaining strength, mobility, and function, especially after limb-sparing surgery. A structured rehabilitation program, often with a physical therapist, is essential for optimal recovery.
  • Return to Normal Activities: Most patients can gradually return to light activities within 4-8 weeks, with full recovery and resumption of strenuous activities potentially taking 3-6 months or longer.
  • Emotional Support: Dealing with a cancer diagnosis and major surgery can be emotionally challenging. Counseling and support groups are invaluable during this period.
  • Long-term Follow-up: Regular check-ups with the oncology team, including imaging scans, are vital for monitoring recovery and detecting any signs of recurrence.

WHAT WE TREAT

  • Soft Tissue Sarcomas:

    • Liposarcoma (fat)
    • Leiomyosarcoma (smooth muscle)
    • Rhabdomyosarcoma (skeletal muscle)
    • Synovial Sarcoma (joints)
    • Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma (UPS)
    • Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST) - often treated surgically
    • Angiosarcoma (blood vessels)
    • Fibrosarcoma (fibrous tissue)
    • Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans (DFSP)
  • Bone Sarcomas:

    • Osteosarcoma (bone)
    • Chondrosarcoma (cartilage)
    • Ewing Sarcoma (bone or soft tissue) - often treated with surgery, chemo, radiation

PREPARATION

Preparation for sarcoma surgery typically includes: 1. Comprehensive Medical Evaluation: Complete physical exam, blood tests, ECG, and chest X-ray to assess overall health and fitness for surgery. 2. Imaging Scans: Updated MRI, CT, or PET scans to confirm tumor size, location, and potential spread. 3. Biopsy Review: Pathologists confirm the sarcoma type and grade to guide surgical planning. 4. Medication Review: Discuss all current medications with your doctor; you may need to stop certain blood thinners or supplements before surgery. 5. Fasting: Typically, no food or drink for 8-12 hours prior to surgery. 6. Smoking Cessation: Advised to stop smoking several weeks before surgery to improve healing and reduce complications. 7. Pre-operative Education: Understanding the procedure, potential risks, and recovery process. 8. Physical Therapy Consultation: For limb sarcomas, pre-operative physical therapy may be recommended to strengthen muscles.

RISKS

Like any major surgery, sarcoma surgery carries potential risks and complications, including: 1. Infection: At the surgical site or internally. 2. Bleeding: During or after surgery, potentially requiring blood transfusions. 3. Pain: Post-operative pain that may require management. 4. Nerve Damage: Resulting in numbness, weakness, or loss of function in the affected area. 5. Damage to Surrounding Tissues: Unintended injury to adjacent muscles, blood vessels, or organs. 6. Wound Healing Issues: Such as dehiscence (wound opening) or delayed healing. 7. Lymphedema: Swelling caused by damage to lymph vessels, especially if lymph nodes are removed. 8. Anesthetic Risks: Reactions to anesthesia, including respiratory or cardiac issues. 9. Recurrence: Despite complete resection, there is always a risk of local or distant recurrence. 10. Functional Impairment: Depending on the location and extent of resection, there may be long-term limitations in movement or strength, even with reconstruction.

JOURNEY

The patient journey for sarcoma surgery typically begins with a definitive biopsy to confirm diagnosis and tumor type. Following diagnosis, a multidisciplinary tumor board (comprising surgical oncologists, radiation oncologists, medical oncologists, radiologists, and pathologists) formulations a personalized treatment plan. This may involve neo-adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy or radiation) before surgery to shrink the tumor. The surgery itself is performed by experienced surgical oncologists. Post-surgery, patients undergo a recovery period, often involving physical therapy, followed by adjuvant therapy if recommended, and long-term surveillance with regular follow-ups and imaging.

Hospitals Offering this treatment

India offers premium medical procedures at affordable prices. Discover our most popular treatments, delivered by the country's finest doctors.

Hisar Intercontinental Hospital

Hisar Intercontinental Hospital

Saray Mah. Siteyolu Cad. No:7, Umraniye, 34768, Istanbul, Turkey

Medical Park Group, Istanbul

Medical Park Group, Istanbul

Fahrettin Kerim Gokay Cad. Tıbbiye Cd., Kadikoy, Istanbul, Turkey

Emsey Hospital, Pendik, Istanbul

Emsey Hospital, Pendik, Istanbul

Çamlık, Selçuklu Cd. No:22, 34912 Pendik/İstanbul, Türkiye

LIV Hospital, Istanbul

LIV Hospital, Istanbul

American Hospital, Istanbul

American Hospital, Istanbul

Guzelbahce Sk. No:20, 34365, Nisantasi, Istanbul, Turkey

Memorial Hospitals Group

Memorial Hospitals Group

Burhaniye, Nagehan Sokağı No:4/A D:1, 34676 Üsküdar/İstanbul, Türkiye

Florence Nightingale Hospital Istanbul

Florence Nightingale Hospital Istanbul

Abide-i Hürriyet Cd No:166, 34381 Sisli, Istanbul

Medicana International Hospital, Istanbul

Medicana International Hospital, Istanbul

Halit Ziya Turkkani Mah. Medikal Park Cd. No:1, Beylikdüzü, İstanbul

Okan University Hospital Istanbul

Okan University Hospital Istanbul

Icmeler Mah. Aydınlıyolu Cd. No:2, 34947 Icmeler-Tuzla, Istanbul

Kolan International Hospital, Istanbul

Kolan International Hospital, Istanbul

Kaptanpasa Mah. Okmeydan Kavsagi, Darulaceze Cd. No:14, 34384 Sisli, Istanbul

Al Zahra Hospital, Dubai

Al Zahra Hospital, Dubai

Sheikh Zayed Road, Al Barsha 1, Dubai, UAE

Burjeel Medical City, Abu Dhabi

Burjeel Medical City, Abu Dhabi

28th Street, Mohammed Bin Zayed City, Abu Dhabi, UAE

Burjeel Hospital, Dubai

Burjeel Hospital, Dubai

Dubai, UAE (part of Burjeel Holdings network)

King's College Hospital, Dubai

King's College Hospital, Dubai

Dubai Hills, Mohammed Bin Rashid City, Dubai, UAE

Neuro Spinal Hospital (NSH), Dubai

Neuro Spinal Hospital (NSH), Dubai

Dubai Science Park, Umm Suqeim St, Al Barsha South, Dubai, UAE

HMS Al Garhoud Hospital, Dubai

HMS Al Garhoud Hospital, Dubai

Al Garhoud Street, Al Garhoud, Dubai, UAE

Canadian Specialist Hospital, Dubai

Canadian Specialist Hospital, Dubai

Abu Hail Street 269/1, Canadian Specialist Hospital Building, Hor Al Anz East, Deira, Dubai, UAE

NMC Royal Women's Hospital, Abu Dhabi

NMC Royal Women's Hospital, Abu Dhabi

Tower B, Mohammed bin Zayed Stadium, Al Jazira Club, Opposite Dusit Thani, Muroor Road, Abu Dhabi, UAE

NMC Specialty Hospital, Al Nahda, Dubai

NMC Specialty Hospital, Al Nahda, Dubai

7A St, Al Qusais, Al Nahda 2, next to Bait Al Khair Building, Dubai

Bangkok Hospital, Thailand

Bangkok Hospital, Thailand

2 Soi Soonvijai 7, New Petchburi Road, Huay Khwang, Bangkok 10310, Thailand

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